The present study aims to identify opportunities and obstacles to strategic cooperation between Iran and Afghanistan in the commercial dimension. This research is mixed qualitative-quantitative exploratory research. In the qualitative part, the statistical population includes 12 experts such as university professors, managers, and experts from the two countries' chambers of commerce, and in the quantitative part, 140 members of the Iran-Afghanistan Joint Chamber of Commerce. The data collection tool in the qualitative part is semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire. For data analysis in the qualitative part, the exploratory concepts obtained from these interviews based on the nature and related concepts are 116 open codes, which were ended after the researcher reached saturation of the information collected. Next, the 2018 MAXQDA software was used to perform the central categorization, which ultimately resulted in 116 open codes, 36 central codes, and 17 selected codes, which were placed in the categories of causal factors, interventionists, consequences, strategies, and context. After identifying the codes, CVI and CVR were used to examine the validity of the obtained qualitative codes. After extracting the codes and categorizing them, the concepts collected were divided into six elements (causal conditions, central phenomenon, strategies, consequences, intervention conditions, and context conditions).